How to translate text to braille
- Type text in the left box. It is converted to Unicode braille characters on the right, and each cell is drawn below with its raised dots.
- Copy the braille to use in documents, signs, lessons or messages. Unicode braille displays on screen; for embossing, send plain text to braille software.
- To decode, paste Unicode braille into the right box and the letters appear on the left.
How braille works
Braille, invented by Louis Braille in 1824, represents each character with a cell of six dots in two columns of three, numbered 1-2-3 down the left and 4-5-6 down the right. The first ten letters, a to j, use only the top four dots. Letters k to t add dot 3, and u, v, x, y and z add dots 3 and 6. W was added later, which is why it breaks the pattern. A number sign (dots 3-4-5-6) turns the following a–j cells into the digits 1–0, and dot 6 before a letter marks a capital.
This translator produces uncontracted (Grade 1) braille, where every letter is spelled out. It is ideal for learning, classroom activities, labels and puzzles. Most published English braille uses contracted Grade 2, with hundreds of abbreviations for common words and letter groups, and official transcriptions should be checked by a qualified transcriber. Punctuation follows common English braille conventions; some symbols differ between braille codes.
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What is the difference between Grade 1 and Grade 2 braille?
Grade 1 spells every word letter by letter. Grade 2 uses contractions, such as a single cell for "and" or "the", to save space; it is what most experienced readers use.
How are numbers written in braille?
A number sign (dots 3-4-5-6) comes first, then the letters a to j stand for 1 to 0.
Can I print this braille for blind readers?
Printed dots on paper are not tactile. Use braille embossing software or a braille printer for readable copies.